VOCABULARY, IDIOMS, and PREFIXES and SUFFIXES

 

VOCABULARY

IDIOMS

  • Idioms are phrases that have a meaning that is very different from its individual parts. Unlike most sentences that have a literal meaning, idioms have figurative meaning. A literal meaning is when each word in a sentence stays true to its actual meaning. Figurative meaning is when a combination of words mean something different than the individual words do. If you take the sentence, "The dog ran down the street". You can figure out what the sentence means as long as you know what each part means. It's literal. But idioms don't work that way; they are figurative.

  • Take the common idiom ''you let the cat out of the bag".' If you take the literal parts and add them them up, you would assume that it meant that a person was opening up a bag and letting a cat out of it. But that is not even close to what it means. The idiom doesn't even have anything to do with a cat or even a bag. Letting the cat out of the bag means to reveal a secret.

    The hard part of idioms is that you need to know what the phrase means to begin with. There is no way to use the literal parts to find the meaning. 

    You can find more idioms and phrases here >> 


    Idiom

    Meaning

    Usage

    • A blessing in disguise

    a good thing that seemed bad at first

    as part of a sentence

    • A dime a dozen

    Something common

    as part of a sentence

    • Beat around the bush

    Avoid saying what you mean, usually because it is uncomfortable

    as part of a sentence

    • Better late than never

    Better to arrive late than not to come at all

    by itself

    • Bite the bullet

    To get something over with because it is going to happen anyways

    as part of a sentence

    • Break a leg

    Good luck

    by itself

    • Call it a day

    Stop working on something

    as part of a sentence

    • Cut somebody some slack

    Don't be so critical

    as part of a sentence

    • Cutting corners

    Doing something poorly in order to save time or money

    as part of a sentence

    • Easy does it

    Slow down

    by itself

    • Get out of hand

    Get out of control

    as part of a sentence

    • Get something out of your system

    Do the thing you've been wanting to do so you can move on

    as part of a sentence

    • Get your act together

    Work better or leave

    by itself

    • Give someone the benefit of the doubt

    Trust what someone says

    as part of a sentence

    • Go back to the drawing board

    Start over

    as part of a sentence

    • Hang in there

    Don't give up

    by itself

    • Hit the sack

    Go to sleep

    as part of a sentence

    • It's not rocket science

    It's not complicated

    by itself

    • Let someone off the hook

    To not hold someone responsible for something

    as part of a sentence

    • Make a long story short

    Tell something briefly

    as part of a sentence

    • Miss the boat

    It's too late

    as part of a sentence

    • No pain, no gain

    You have to work for what you want

    by itself

    • On the ball

    Doing a good job

    as part of a sentence

    • Pull someone's leg

    To joke with someone

    as part of a sentence

    • Pull yourself together

    Calm down

    by itself

    • So far so good

    Things are going well so far

    by itself

    • Speak of the devil

    The person we were just talking about showed up!

    by itself

    • That's the last straw

    My patience has run out

    by itself

    • The best of both worlds

    An ideal situation

    as part of a sentence

    • Time flies when you're having fun

    You don't notice how long something lasts when it's fun

    by itself

    • To get bent out of shape

    To get upset

    as part of a sentence

    • To make matters worse

    Make a problem worse

    as part of a sentence

    • Under the weather

    Sick

    as part of a sentence

    • We'll cross that bridge when we come to it

    Let's not talk about that problem right now

    by itself

    • Wrap your head around something

    Understand something complicated

    as part of a sentence

    • You can say that again

    That's true, I agree

    by itself

    • Your guess is as good as mine

    I have no idea

    by itself

     

PREFIX and SUFFIX

A base word can stand alone and has meaning (for example, help). A suffix is a word part added to the end of a word (for example, -ful). If you add the suffix -ful to the base word, help, the word is helpful. A prefix is a word part added to the beginning of a word or base word (for example, un-). If the prefix un- is added to helpful, the word is unhelpful. 




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